Nick Griffin

Nick Griffin MEP
A three-quarter length shot of a suited man standing with a glass of beer in his right hand, in front of a large hoarding displaying a montage of photographs, and the BNP logo
Griffin addressing a BNP press conference in Manchester in June 2009
Chairman of the BNP
Incumbent
Assumed office 
September 1999
Preceded by John Tyndall
Member of the European Parliament
for North West England
Incumbent
Assumed office 
14 July 2009
Born 1 March 1959 ( 1959 -03-01) (age 51)
Barnet, Hertfordshire, England
Nationality British
Political party British National Party
Spouse(s) Jackie Griffin
(1985-present)
Relations Edgar Griffin (father)
Children 4
Residence Llanerfyl, Powys, Wales

Nicholas John "Nick" Griffin (born 1 March 1959) is a British politician, chairman of the British National Party (BNP) and Member of the European Parliament for North West England.

Griffin was born in Barnet, and was educated in Suffolk. He joined the National Front at the age of fifteen, and became a political worker for the party following his graduation from Cambridge University. In 1980 he became a member of its governing body, and later wrote articles for several right-wing magazines. He was the National Front's candidate for the seat of Croydon North West in 1981 and 1983 before leaving in 1989. In 1995, he joined the BNP, and in 1999 became its leader. He stood as the party's candidate in several elections, and was elected as a member of the European Parliament for North West England in the 2009 European Elections.

In 1998, Griffin was convicted of distributing material likely to incite racial hatred, for which he received a suspended prison sentence. In 2005, he was acquitted of separate charges of inciting racial hatred. He has been criticised for many of his comments on political, social, ethical, and religious matters, though since becoming leader of the BNP he has sought to distance himself from some of his previously-held positions, which include Holocaust denial. In recent years, where Griffin has been invited to participate in public debates or political discussions, the events have proven controversial, and have often resulted in protests and cancellations.

Contents

Early life and education

The son of former Conservative councillor Edgar Griffin[1] and his wife Jean,[2] Nicholas John Griffin was born on 1 March 1959 in Barnet, then in Hertfordshire now Greater London, before moving to Southwold in Suffolk aged eight.[3][4] He was educated at Woodbridge School in Suffolk and won a sixth–form scholarship to the independent Saint Felix School in Southwold, becoming one of only two boys in the all girls school.[5]

Griffin read Mein Kampf when he was fourteen, and "found all but one chapter extremely boring."[6] He joined the National Front in 1974, while he was still fourteen, though he had to pretend he was fifteen,[5] and at the age of sixteen is reported to have stayed at the home of National Front organiser Martin Webster. In a four-page leaflet written in 1999, Webster claimed to have had a homosexual relationship with Griffin, then the BNP's publicity director.[7] Griffin has denied any such relationship.[8]

In 1977 Griffin went to Downing College, Cambridge, where he studied history, then law.[1] His affiliation with the National Front was revealed during a Cambridge Union debate, and his photograph was published in a student newspaper. He later founded the Young National Front Student organisation. He graduated with a second-class honours degree in law (2:2), and a boxing blue, having taken up the sport following a brawl in Lewisham with a member of an anti-fascist party.[9] He boxed three times against Oxford in the annual Varsity match, winning twice and losing once. In an interview with The Independent, he said he gave it up because of a hand injury. He is a fan of Ricky Hatton and Joe Calzaghe, and an admirer of Amir Khan.[10]

Political career

1970s–1990

Following his graduation, Griffin became a political worker at the National Front headquarters.[9] As a teenager he had accompanied his father to a National Front meeting,[1][11] and by 1978, he was a national organiser for the party.[12] He helped set up the White Noise Music Club in 1979,[13] and several years later worked with white power skinhead band, Skrewdriver.[14] In 1980 he became a member of the party's governing body, the National Directorate, and in the same year launched Nationalism Today with the aid of Joe Pearce, then editor of the NF youth paper Bulldog.[15][16] As a member of the National Front Griffin contested the seat of Croydon North West twice, in 1981 and 1983, securing 1.2% and 0.9% of the vote.[17][18][19]

Membership of the National Front declined significantly following the election of the Conservatives under Margaret Thatcher. As a result the party became more radicalised, and a dissatisfied Griffin, along with fellow NF activists Derek Holland and Patrick Harrington, began to embrace the ideals of Italian fascist Roberto Fiore (Fiore had arrived in the UK in 1980). By 1983 the group had broken away to form the NF Political Soldier faction, which advocated a revival of country "values" and a return to feudalism with the establishment of nationalist communes.[20] Writing for Bulldog in 1985, Griffin praised the black separatist Louis Farrakhan,[21] but his comments were unpopular with some members of the party.[22] He also attempted to form alliances with Libya's Colonel Gadaffi and Iran's Ayatollah Khomeini,[23] and praised the efforts of Welsh nationalist movement Meibion Glyndŵr.[24]

Following a disagreement with Harrington (who subsequently formed the Third Way), and objections over the direction the party was headed, in 1989 Griffin left the National Front. Along with Holland and Fiore,[23] he helped form the International Third Position (ITP), a development of the Political Soldier movement,[25] but left the organisation in 1990.[23] In the same year he lost his left eye when a discarded shotgun cartridge exploded in a pile of burning wood.[9][26][27][28] Since then he has worn a glass eye. The accident left him unable to work, and owing to other financial problems he subsequently declared bankruptcy (the accident occurred in France, where he later lost money in a failed business project).[29] For several years thereafter, he abstained from politics and was supported financially by his parents. He later stewarded a public Holocaust denial meeting hosted by David Irving.[27][30]

1993–1999

Griffin re-entered politics in 1993[31] and in 1995, at the behest of John Tyndall, joined the British National Party.[9][22] He also became editor of two right-wing magazines owned by Tyndall, Spearhead and The Rune.[12] Referring to the election of the BNP's first councillor at a 1993 council by-election in Millwall, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, he wrote:

The electors of Millwall did not back a post modernist rightist party, but what they perceived to be a strong, disciplined organisation with the ability to back up its slogan "Defend Rights for Whites" with well-directed boots and fists.[32]

Tyndall founded the BNP in 1982, but his "brutal, streetfighting background" and admiration for Hitler and the Nazis had prevented his cause from acquiring any political respectability.[33] In his 1999 leadership campaign Griffin embarked on a strategy to make the party electable, by taking it away from Tyndall's extremist image. He was helped by Tyndall's lack of familiarity with the mainstream media, and in the party's September election he defeated Tyndall to become head of the BNP. One of Griffin's changes included moderating the party's emphasis on the removal of multiculturalism, a policy it claims has a destructive influence on both immigrant and British cultures.[12][34] This realignment was designed to position the BNP alongside successful European far-right groups, such as the French National Front. Street protests were replaced by electoral campaigning, and some policies were moderated (the compulsory repatriation of ethnic minorities was instead made voluntary). Other policies included the introduction of capital punishment for paedophiles, rapists, drug dealers and some murderers, and corporal punishment for less serious crimes such as juvenile delinquency. Griffin's image as a Cambridge-educated family man was in contrast to the extreme image presented by the BNP under Tyndall's leadership.[29]

2000–2010

In addition to his earlier candidacies for the National Front, Griffin has stood as the BNP candidate in several English elections. In 2000 he stood in West Bromwich West, in a by-election triggered by the resignation of Betty Boothroyd. He came in fourth place, with 794 votes (4.21% of those cast).[35] Following the Oldham race riots he ran in Oldham West and Royton in the 2001 general election. He received 6,552 votes (16% of those cast), beating the Liberal Democrats for third place, closely behind the second place Conservatives, who received 7,076 votes.[36][37] He again stood for election in the 2003 Oldham Council election, for a seat representing the Chadderton North ward. He came second to the Labour candidate, receiving 993 votes (28% of those cast).[38] In the 2004 European Parliament election, when he was the BNP candidate for the North West England constituency,[39] the party received 134,959 votes (6.4% of those cast), but won no seats.[40] In the 2005 general election he contested Keighley in West Yorkshire, and polled 4,240 votes (9.2% of those cast), finishing in fourth place.[41]

Richard Barnbrook (left) and Griffin at a press conference outside the Palace of Westminster in May 2009

Griffin was the BNP candidate in the 2007 Welsh National Assembly Elections, in the South Wales West region.[42] The BNP received 8,993 votes (5.5% of those cast), behind the Labour party's 58,347 votes (35.8%).[43] In October 2007 he was an unsuccessful candidate in the Thurrock Council election.[19][44] In November 2008 the entire membership list of the BNP was posted on the Internet (however the list may have included lapsed members of the party and people who have expressed an interest in joining the party, but have not signed up). Griffin claimed that he knew the identity of the individual responsible, describing him as a hard-line senior employee who had left the party in the previous year. He welcomed the publicity that the story generated, using it to describe the common perception of the average BNP member as a "skinhead oik" as untrue.[45]

He was elected as a member of the European Parliament for North West England in the 2009 European Elections. The BNP polled 943,598 votes (6.2% of those cast), gaining 2 MEPs.[46] Griffin and fellow MEP Andrew Brons were subsequently pelted with eggs as they attempted to stage a celebratory press conference outside the Houses of Parliament. A second venue—a public house near Manchester—was chosen the following day. A line of police blocked a large group of protesters, who chanted "No platform for Nazi Nick" and "Nazi scum off our streets". Griffin viewed the election as an important victory, claiming that his party had been demonised and blocked from holding public meetings. "In Oldham alone there have been hundreds of thousands of pounds spent on employing bogus community workers to keep us out. To triumph against that level of pressure as a political party has never been done before."[47]

In May 2009 he was invited by the BNP representative on the London Assembly, Richard Barnbrook, to accompany him to a Buckingham Palace garden party hosted by Queen Elizabeth II. The invitation prompted objections from several organisations and public figures, including the Mayor of London Boris Johnson, and the anti-fascist organisation Searchlight.[48] Griffin declined this first invitation,[49] but when invited personally in 2010 he accepted:

This event shows just how far this party has come in the last few years but I won't be at the Palace for myself or my family. No! I will be there to represent the patriots who made this possible; I'll be there for you. I'll be there for all the stout-hearted men and women who down through the turbulent years tramped the streets with me in all weathers knocking doors, and those who ran the gauntlets of hate wherever we went.
—Nick Griffin, [50]

The palace later decided to deny Griffin entry to the event, claiming that he had used his invitation "for party political purpose through the media", and citing security concerns. Griffin claimed the decision was an "absolute scandal", and appeared to be "a rule invented for me."[51]

In September 2009 he appealed to party activists for £150,000 of extra funding for the BNP. In the letter, he said that the party's ailing fortunes were a direct result of "attacks on the party".[52] He also defended questions by the Electoral Commission about the transparency of BNP funding.[52] In November 2009 Griffin was a witness at the trial of an Asian man, Tauriq Khalid, at Preston crown court. The prosecution claimed that in November 2008 Khalid repeatedly drove past a demonstration that Griffin was attending, and on the second occasion shouted "white bastards". Khalid admitted shouting derisory comments at Griffin and other demonstrators, telling the jury he shouted "Nick Griffin, you fucking wanker" and "Get the fuck out of Burnley, you're not welcome here", but denied shouting "white bastard". Griffin gave evidence against Khalid, and confirmed that Khalid had shouted "white bastard" at him. Griffin said the man "leaned out of the car and pointed at me and made a gun and gang gesture", and that he threatened him by shouting "I'm going to...". Griffin said he had left the demonstration early, fearing for his safety. The 23-year old defendant denied his comments had any racial intent, and was found not guilty. Griffin later commented "I think it's unfortunate and I think it's wrong, but that's the jury's right. They saw all the evidence, I accept their decision. I'm not going to lose any sleep over it."[53]

In the 2010 general election he failed to become a member of parliament, polling 6,620 votes in Barking, and finishing in third place.[54] Subsequently on 23 May 2010, Griffin announced that by 2013 he would stand down as leader, to focus on his European Parliament election campaign.[55]

Criminal charges

1998

In 1998 Griffin was convicted of violating section 19 of the Public Order Act 1986, relating to the offence of 'publishing or distributing racially inflammatory written material' in issue 12 of The Rune, published in 1996. Griffin's comments in the magazine were reported to the police by Alex Carlile, then the Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament for Montgomeryshire. Following a police raid at Griffin's home, he was charged with distributing material likely to incite racial hatred.[56][57] Fellow BNP member Paul Ballard was also charged, but entered a guilty plea and did not stand trial. Griffin pleaded not guilty, and was tried at Harrow Crown Court. He called French Holocaust denier Robert Faurisson and Nationalist Osiris Akkebala as witnesses, but was found guilty and given a nine month sentence—suspended for two years—and a £2,300 fine (Ballard was given a six month sentence, also suspended for two years).[58][59][60][61]

I am well aware that the orthodox opinion is that six million Jews were gassed and cremated and turned into lampshades. Orthodox opinion also once held that the world is flat.
—Nick Griffin, [29]

Griffin claimed that the law under which he was convicted was an unjust law and he therefore had no obligation to follow it.[56] He was secretly recorded by the ITV programme The Cook Report in 1997 describing Carlile as "this bloody Jew ... whose only claim is that his grandparents died in the Holocaust".[31][62][63]

2004–2006

Nick Griffin and Mark Collett leave Leeds Crown Court on 10 November 2006 after being found not guilty of charges of incitement to racial hatred at their retrial.

On 14 December 2004 Griffin was arrested at his home in Wales, on suspicion of incitement to racial hatred, over remarks he made about Islam in an undercover BBC documentary titled The Secret Agent.[64][65] He was questioned at a police station in Halifax, West Yorkshire, before being freed on police bail. He said that the arrest was "an electoral scam to get the Muslim block vote back to the Labour party"[64] and that the Labour government was attempting to influence the results of the following year's general election.[64]

Griffin's arrest was preceded by two days by those of John Tyndall and several other people, over remarks they had made in the same programme.[64] Following its broadcast on 15 July 2004 the police began an investigation into the programme's contents. The following April he was charged with four offences of using words or behaviour intended or likely to stir up racial hatred.[66] The trial began in January 2006. Griffin stood alongside fellow party activist Mark Collett, who faced similar charges. Prosecuting, Rodney Jameson QC told the jury of six speeches that the accused had made in the Reservoir Tavern in Keighley on 19 January 2004. Reading excerpts from them, he claimed that they included threatening, abusive and insulting words directed at "people of Asian ethnicity", with the intention of "stirring up racial hatred".[67]

Griffin was also accused of calling murdered black teenager Stephen Lawrence a drug dealer and bully who stole younger pupils' dinner money.[68] In the witness box he defended himself by quoting passages from the Qur'an, saying that his comments describing Islam as a "vicious, wicked faith" were attacking not a race, but a religion. During the two-week trial he used a laptop to post daily updates on a blog on the BNP's website.[69] In his closing address, defence barrister Timothy King QC said:

Mainstream opinion in this country will be offended by some of the statements that they have heard made. At the same time, of course, the courts make their judgements on these things. But if there is something that needs to be done to look at the law then I think we will have to do that.

“
”
Gordon Brown[70]
The British National Party is a legal, political entity. It has a right in a democratic society to put forward ideas and policies which some might find uncomfortable and some might find even offensive. There has been a tendency in this case to over-analyse speeches, to take one line here and one line there. You have got to look at the overall impact of these speeches—remember the context of each speech.[71]

Griffin and Collett were cleared of half the charges against them—the jury remained divided on the other charges, and a retrial was ordered.[69] On 10 November 2006, after five hours of deliberations, the jury cleared them of all charges.[70] They were met outside the court by about 200 supporters, whom Griffin addressed with a megaphone. He attacked Tony Blair and the BBC, and defended the BNP's right to freedom of speech.[72]

Public debates

Since his election as BNP leader, Griffin has been invited to participate in debates at several universities. In November 2002 the Cambridge Union Society invited him to take part in a debate the following January. Titled "This house believes that Islam is a threat to the west", the resolution was controversial; alongside more moderate speakers, one of those invited was Abu Hamza al-Masri, a fundamentalist Muslim cleric. Some participants threatened to withdraw, and several official bodies criticised the invitations.[73] The two had met earlier in the year, in a debate chaired by Today programme editor Rod Liddle.[74] He was also invited by the Cambridge Forum to a debate on extremism in December 2002, with Liberal Democrat MP Lembit Öpik. The venue was changed twice after protests from property owners, but the threat of a violent confrontation between the Anti-Nazi League and BNP supporters forced the president of the Cambridge Forum, Chris Paley, to cancel the event. Paley called the decision an "own goal" for the values of free speech, and Öpik criticised it, emphasising his belief in "people's right to make their own decisions in a democracy".[75]

In February 2005 Griffin was asked to take part in a debate on multiculturalism at the University of St Andrews in Scotland. He was invited by the president of the students' debating society, who said "We believe that the only way to get the truth of what the BNP are saying and to combat them is to do it in public in a debate."[76] The move was attacked by anti-racist groups, some of whom refused to participate in the discussion. Griffin said "I am coming up because I was invited by the students at the university because they have a debate on an intelligent subject on which I have something to say. The people against it are the usual bunch of people who cannot win the argument and refuse to stand on a platform."[76] The society withdrew the invitation before the event was to take place.[76][77]

In May 2007 Griffin was invited to address a meeting at the University of Bath by politics student and BNP youth leader Danny Lake. Lake wanted Griffin to visit the university and explain the BNP's policies to lecturers and students. The invitation was viewed by some as an attempt by the party to establish a foothold on the university campus. Eleven union general secretaries wrote to the university's vice-chancellor and asked her to reconsider the decision to allow the meeting. A large protest was planned, and following students' concerns over their personal safety, the University cancelled the invitation.[78]

Several months later the Oxford Union invited Griffin to speak at a forum on the limits of free speech, along with other speakers including David Irving. The invitation was condemned by the Equality and Human Rights Commission head Trevor Phillips and the president of the Oxford Students' Union. The Conservative MP Dr Julian Lewis resigned his membership of the Union.[79] A rally against the invitation was held at Oxford Town Hall on 20 November, and included the Oxford Students' Union president, the National Union of Students black students' officer, and the Trades Union Congress south east regional secretary. Representatives of Unite Against Fascism also attended, as well as the University of Oxford's Jewish student chaplain. Several Holocaust survivors spoke at the rally. Stephen Altmann-Richer, co-president of the Oxford University Jewish Society, said "I don't think these people should be invited to the Oxford Union, by having them speak, it legitimises their views ..."[80] On the night of the debate, about 50 protesters forced their way into the venue, and a crowd of hundreds gathered outside carrying banners bearing anti-racist slogans and voicing anti-BNP chants. Police blocked the entrances to the building, and removed the protesters encamped inside. Griffin was accompanied into the premises by security guards. The event was eventually split between two rooms, with Griffin speaking in one, and Irving in the other; many Union Society members were unable to gain access. Although many present found the debate objectionable, some were supportive of both Griffin and Irving's right to freedom of speech. The Oxford Union later endorsed the debate as a success.[81]

Griffin travelled to the United States and spoke at Clemson University and Texas A&M University, but the reception he received in October 2007 at Michigan State University was markedly different to that in the other venues. Intending to address the "overpopulation of Islamists in Europe", he was repeatedly interrupted, to the point where the event became a question and answer session. He was heckled by hostile elements of the audience, and at one point the fire alarm was activated.[82]

2009 appearance on Question Time
Protests outside BBC Television Centre ahead of Griffin's appearance on Question Time

On 22 October 2009 Griffin took part in the BBC's topical debate programme, Question Time, as a representative of the BNP. He appeared alongside Bonnie Greer, Jack Straw, Baroness Warsi, and Chris Huhne. He was challenged by members of the studio audience, and questioned by host David Dimbleby on comments he had previously made on the Holocaust.[83] His invitation followed the election of two BNP MEPs to the European Parliament, and led to significant debate over the merits of the BBC's decision. The appearance sparked a protest outside the BBC Television Centre prior to the recording of the programme, in which an estimated 500 people picketed the front entrance of the complex. Six protesters were arrested, and three members of the police service were injured.[84][85] The programme dominated the following day's newspapers. In an editorial, The Guardian wrote: "Certainly, the week has provided the first serious scrutiny on BNP policies, and they have proved to be as vicious as feared."[86] Max Hastings wrote "… the panel had little difficulty making Griffin seem slippery and indeed repugnant …"[87] in the Daily Mail, and The Sun columnist Kelvin MacKenzie said "He emerged as the lying piece of work you always suspected."[88] However, Minette Marrin, writing in The Sunday Times, later said that Griffin had been "tormented like a crazed bull in a bullring"[89] and "thrown to a sanctimonious mob",[89] and Independent writer Stephen Glover said "In short, there was a lot of sound and fury but virtually no illumination, and Mr Griffin was largely spared."[90]

It was an odd show because almost all of the questions—even the five minutes on gays—were BNP-related, and the entire audience and panel anti-Griffin.

“
”
Libby Purves[91]

In a press conference held on 23 October, Griffin stated that he would make a formal complaint about the format of the programme, which he said was "… not a genuine Question Time; that was a lynch mob".[92] He suggested that he should appear again, but that "… [we] should do it properly, and talk about the issues of the day",[93] and added: "That audience was taken from a city that is no longer British … That was not my country any more. Why not come down and do it in Thurrock, do it in Stoke, do it in Burnley? Do it somewhere where there are still significant numbers of English and British people, and they haven't been ethnically cleansed from their own country."[92]

Policies and views

Griffin describes himself as a "moderniser", and "new nationalist", and upon his election as leader of the BNP spoke of his contempt for its traditional supporters.[94] He has changed the BNP's traditional focus on immigration and race, to a defence of what it sees as "our traditional principles against the politically correct agenda"[1] espoused by mainstream politicians. He has portrayed himself as a defender of free speech, and has repeatedly spoken about multiculturalism.[1] During 2000 he attempted to further the BNP's popular appeal by targeting specific groups, including lorry drivers—some of whom were at the time engaged in mass protests against fuel prices—and farmers. The BNP also produced a journal devoted to rural matters.[30]

The BNP's constitution grants its chairman full executive power over all party affairs, and Griffin thus carries sole responsibility for the party's legal and financial liabilities, and has the final say in all decisions affecting the party.[95] The BNP's policies include a halt to all immigration, the forced repatriation of all illegal immigrants, and the deportation of criminals whose original nationality was not British. It is opposed to a single European currency, and supports British withdrawal from the European Union (EU). It promises to "free the police and courts from the politically correct straitjacket that is stopping them from doing their job properly".[96] It believes that British industry should be prioritised, that foreign imports should be strictly regulated, and that defence spending should be increased. Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland would be invited to join a "federation of the nations of the British Isles".[96] Its policy on education includes improving discipline in classrooms, and selective industry training for students. Greater production of home-grown food would be encouraged, and the party supports the National Health Service. It would restore the pensions earnings link, and the decentralisation of government decision-making.[96]

Upon his election to the European Parliament Griffin unsuccessfully tried to form an alliance with right-wing parties (which would have entitled them to extra funding). He has also held talks with other far-right European parties, such as Vlaams Belang and Jobbik.[97] The BNP maintains ties with Roberto Fiore and fascist groups across Europe.[98][99] Griffin has criticised the Labour government for its attitude toward the BNP, accusing it of treating elected representatives of the BNP as "second-class citizens".[100] Following his election, in a press conference held at a public house in Manchester, he criticised the privatisation of national industries, such as the railway network, and accused MPs generally of being involved in this "… giant looting of Britain".[101] He accused private corporations and the "ruling elite" in Britain of building a "Eurocratic state", a process he called "Mussolini fascism […] under Gordon Brown."[101] He supported the Gurkhas, stating that the BNP would allow them and their families entry to the country for medical treatment "for as long as they needed treatment, or for as long as they lived."[102] He also suggested the removal of 100,000 Muslims "disloyal to Britain" and their replacement with the Gurkhas.[102]

Griffin has frequently expressed views on Judaism, Islam, and homosexuality. His comments on the Holocaust (which he once referred to as "the Holohoax"[103]) made as an editor of The Rune, demonstrate revisionism. He criticised Holocaust denier David Irving for admitting that up to four million Jews might have died in the Holocaust; he wrote "True Revisionists will not be fooled by this new twist to the sorry tale of The Hoax of the Twentieth Century."[104] In 1997 he told an undercover journalist that he had updated Richard Verrall's booklet Did Six Million Really Die?, and in the same year he wrote Who are the Mindbenders?, about a perceived domination of the media by Jewish figures.[31] Despite this, the BNP has a Jewish councillor, Patricia Richardson,[105] and spokesman Phil Edwards has stated that the party also has Jewish members.[106] The BNP has stated that it does not deny the Holocaust, and that "Dredging up quotes from 10, 15, 20 years ago is really pathetic and, in a sense, rather fascist."[107] In an interview with BNP deputy leader Simon Darby, Griffin claimed that the English Defence League was a "Zionist false flag operation", and added that the organisation is "a neo-con operation". He also claimed that the EDL's activities are an attempt to provoke civil war.[108][109]

Since assuming control of the party, Griffin has sought to move it away from its historic identity, although on the BBC's Newsnight on 26 June 2001 he stated that Hindus and whites had both been targeted in the "Muslim" riots of 2001, and in the August 2001 issue of Identity (a BNP publication) he claimed that radical Muslim clerics wanted "... militant Muslims to take over British cities with AK-47 rifles".[110] When interviewed in August 2009 for RT, he distanced himself from the present-day National Front, which he claimed is "... a group of skinheads running around with no political direction, other than that we suspect which their masters give them."[111] On The Politics Show on 9 March 2003 he appeared to accept ethnic minorities who were legally already living in the country,[112] and on 6 March 2008 he was again interviewed on Newsnight; when told of a poll that demonstrated that most working-class Britons were more concerned about drugs and alcohol than immigration, he linked the UK's drug problem with Islam, specifically Pakistani immigrants. His inclusion on the programme was criticised by contributor and radio presenter Jon Gaunt, who branded the decision as "pathetic".[113] When asked by The Times about concerns that his recent success was presaged in Enoch Powell's Rivers of Blood speech, Griffin replied:

The divisions are already there. They were created by that monstrous experiment: the multi-cultural destruction of old Britain. There is no clash between the indigenous population and, for instance, settled West Indians, Sikhs and Hindus. There is, however, an enormous correlation between high BNP votes and nearby Islamic populations. The reason for that is nothing to do with Islamophobia; it is issues such as the grooming of young English girls for sex by a criminal minority of the Muslim population ... I am now there to give political articulation to the concerns of the mainly indigenous population. The ethnic populations have always had Labour to speak up for them. Finally their neighbours have got someone who speaks up for them.[114]

In a June 2009 interview with Channel 4 News Griffin claimed that "There's no such thing as a black Welshman",[115] which was criticised by Vaughan Gething (the first black president of the Welsh NUS and the Welsh TUC, and the first black candidate for the Welsh assembly). Commenting on Griffin's claim, he said "On that basis, most white people wouldn't qualify. It's quite clear that Nick Griffin just doesn't accept that black British people or black Welsh people are entitled to call themselves proper, full citizens of the country."[116] Griffin's interview with Channel 4 News was in response to a decision by the Equality and Human Rights Commission to investigate the BNP's membership criteria, which, it stated, "appeared to discriminate on the grounds of race and colour, contrary to the Race Relations Act."[117] He rejected claims that the BNP was "acting unlawfully"[115] and said "... because we are here, as it was pointed out, for specific ethnic groups—it's nothing to do with colour, your reporter there said that we'll only lift a finger for white people—that's a simple lie".[115] In an interview with the BBC on 8 July 2009, during a discussion on European immigration, he proposed that the EU should sink boats carrying illegal immigrants, to prevent them from entering Europe. Although the interviewer (BBC Correspondent Shirin Wheeler) implied that Griffin may have wished the EU to "murder people at sea", he quickly corrected her by saying "I didn't say anyone should be murdered at sea—I say boats should be sunk, they can throw them a life raft and they can go back to Libya" (a staging post for migrants from Egypt and sub-Saharan Africa).[118]

Following the Admiral Duncan pub bombing by former BNP member David Copeland, Griffin stated "The TV footage of dozens of 'gay' demonstrators flaunting their perversion in front of the world's journalists showed just why so many ordinary people find these creatures so repulsive."[119] The BNP states that, privately, homosexuality should be tolerated, but that it "should not be promoted or encouraged".[107] It opposed the introduction of civil partnerships and wishes to ban what it perceives as the promotion of homosexuality in schools and the media.[120][121]

Writing for The Rune, Griffin praised the wartime Waffen SS and attacked the Royal Air Force for its bombing of Nazi Germany,[122] and in 1996 during a public demonstration at Coventry Cathedral he accused British airmen of "mass murder".[123] Although unconnected, on 9 June 2009 the Royal British Legion wrote an open letter to Griffin asking him not to wear a poppy lapel badge.[124]

In a BBC interview on 8 June 2009 Griffin claimed that "global warming is essentially a hoax" and that it "is being exploited by the liberal elite as a means of taxing and controlling us and the real crisis is peak oil".[125] He was a representative of the European Parliament at the 2009 UN Climate Change Conference, where he repeated his claim that global warming is a hoax, and called advocates of action on climate change such as Al Gore "mass murderers" by supporting biofuels, claiming that their use would lead to the "third and the greatest famine of the modern era". A Greenpeace spokesman said, "In reality the environmental and development groups he has been disparaging have been in the forefront of concerns about biofuels. Griffin’s claims that climate change is a hoax is one of many curious things going on between his ears.”[126]

Family and personal life

Parents

Griffin's father, Edgar Griffin (born in 1921 in Brighton, East Sussex) was previously a long-standing Conservative Party member[1] and from 1959–1965 a councillor for the Metropolitan Borough of St Marylebone. He also served as a councillor on Waveney District Council during the 1980s.[127] Griffin's mother, Jean (née Thomas), whom Edgar married in 1950, was an unsuccessful BNP candidate for Enfield North in the 1997 general election, in Chingford & Woodford Green for the 2001 general election and for London in the 1999 European elections.[128]

Personal life

Nick Griffin lives with his family in a farmhouse in Llanerfyl, near Welshpool, in Wales.[114] He is married to Jackie Griffin, a former nurse who also acts as his assistant and a BNP administrator. He has four children, some of whom are actively involved with the party,[129][130] and a sister.[22][23] He has recently begun writing an autobiography.[4]

Elections contested

UK Parliament elections

Date of election Constituency Party Votes Percentage of votes Source(s)
22 October 1981 by-election Croydon North West NF 429 1.2 [17]
1983 general election Croydon North West NF 336 0.9 [18]
23 November 2000 by-election West Bromwich West BNP 794 4.2 [35]
2001 general election Oldham West and Royton BNP 6,552 16.4 [37]
2005 general election Keighley BNP 4,240 9.2 [40]
2010 general election Barking BNP 6,620 14.6 [54]

Welsh Assembly elections (Additional members region; party list)

Date of election Region Party Votes Percentage of votes Result Source(s)
2007 Welsh Assembly election South Wales West BNP 8,993 5.5 Not elected [43]

European Parliament elections (Multi-member constituency; party list)

Date of election Region Party Votes Percentage of votes Result Source(s)
2004 European election North West England BNP 134,959 6.4 Not elected [131]
2009 European election North West England BNP 132,094 8.0 Elected [132]

References

Notes
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Under the skin of the BNP, BBC News, 2006-11-10, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4670574.stm, retrieved 2009-02-27 
  2. ↑ Britten, Nick (2001-08-25), Expelled Tory laments 'one silly mistake', telegraph.co.uk, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1338469/Expelled-Tory-laments-one-silly-mistake.html, retrieved 2009-06-19 
  3. ↑ Your MEPs — Nick Griffin, europarl.europa.eu, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/members/public/geoSearch/view.do?country=GB&partNumber=1&zone=North+West&language=EN&id=96751, retrieved 2009-07-14 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Victor, Peter (2009-06-14), An audience with a racist, independent.co.uk, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/an-audience-with-a-racist-1704679.html, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Toolis, Kevin (2000-05-20), Race to the right, The Guardian, http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2000/may/20/weekend.kevintoolis, retrieved 2009-06-19 
  6. ↑ The Andrew Marr Show, BBC, 2009-07-12 
  7. ↑ Robbins, Tom (1999-09-05) (Registration required), Gay tiff reveals soft side of far right, The Times, http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_product=AWNB&p_theme=aggregated5&p_action=doc&p_docid=0F92A6FEB595CB3D&p_docnum=1&p_queryname=17, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  8. ↑ Anthony, Andrew (2002-09-01), Flying the flag, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/theobserver/2002/sep/01/features.magazine37, retrieved 2009-06-19 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Siddique, Haroon (2008-11-19), Profile: Nick Griffin, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2008/nov/19/bnp-leader-nick-griffin, retrieved 2009-02-27 
  10. ↑ Hubbard, Alan (2009-06-14), Inside Lines: How 'Nasty Nick' boxed clever to land his political punches, independent.co.uk, http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/general/others/inside-lines-how-nasty-nick-boxed-clever-to-land-his-political-punches-1704732.html, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  11. ↑ Nick Griffin: Right-wing chameleon, news.bbc.co.uk, 2001-06-29, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1412785.stm, retrieved 2009-06-15 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Nick Griffin, telegraph.co.uk, 2006-01-10, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1399674/Nick-Griffin.html, retrieved 2009-02-27 
  13. ↑ Ware & Back 2002, p. 101
  14. ↑ Goodrick-Clarke 2003, p. 194
  15. ↑ Barberis, P. (2000), "National Front" in Encyclopaedia of British and Irish political Organizations: Parties, Groups and Movements of the Twentieth Century, Continuum International, p. 639 
  16. ↑ Violence In Our Minds, skinheadnation.co.uk, http://web.archive.org/web/20070927212523/http://www.skinheadnation.co.uk/tilburyskinheads.htm, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Witherow, John (1981-10-24), Labour inquest as Pitt celebrates (61064 ed.), The Times archive, p. 2, http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/249/470/42240372w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS34703704&dyn=16!xrn_29_0_CS34703704&hst_1?sw_aep=mclib, retrieved 2009-10-18 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Election Results (61555 ed.), The Times archive, 1983-06-10, p. 4, http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/249/470/42240372w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS67341514&dyn=23!xrn_22_0_CS67341514&hst_1?sw_aep=mclib, retrieved 2009-10-18 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 UK Polling Report - Thurrock, ukpollingreport.co.uk, http://ukpollingreport.co.uk/guide/seat-profiles/thurrock, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  20. ↑ Goodrick-Clarke 2003, pp. 68–69
  21. ↑ Griffin, Nick (1985-05), Nationalism Today, no. 29, National Front, p. 17 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Nick Griffin: Brute in a suit, independent.co.uk, 2004-07-18, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/nick-griffin-brute-in-a-suit-553549.html, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 Ryan 2004, p. 62
  24. ↑ Goodrick-Clarke 2003, p. 43
  25. ↑ Franks, Alan (1989-03-29) (Registration required), A front for the Front — Neo-Nazis, The Times, http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_product=AWNB&p_theme=aggregated5&p_action=doc&p_docid=0F91027B59D7E14D&p_docnum=1&p_queryname=8, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  26. ↑ Ross, Deborah (2010-04-30), Deborah Ross: How exciting! I've never met proper racists before, independent.co.uk, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/deborah-ross-how-exciting-ive-never-met-proper-racists-before-1958673.html, retrieved 2010-05-12 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Profile: Nick Griffin, timesonline.co.uk, 2009-06-14, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/elections/article6493540.ece, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  28. ↑ Bath, Richard (2009-05-24), For all the talk of change, Nick Griffin's BNP remains a single–issue party which may be coming soon to a town near you, business.scotsman.com, http://business.scotsman.com/farrightintheuk/For-all-the-talk-of.5297703.jp, retrieved 2009-06-21 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 A right menace: Nick Griffin, independent.co.uk, 2009-05-23, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/a-right-menace-nick-griffin-1689784.html, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Eatwell & Mudde 2004, pp. 69–70
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 Ryan 2004, p. 63
  32. ↑ Eatwell & Mudde 2004, p. 69
  33. ↑ John Tyndall, telegraph.co.uk, 2005-07-20, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1494381/John-Tyndall.html, retrieved 2010-04-27 
  34. ↑ Eatwell, Roger (2005-07-21), John Tyndall, independent.co.uk, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/john-tyndall-499560.html, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 West Bromwich: Labour victory in former speaker's seat, guardian.co.uk, 2000-11-24, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2000/nov/24/election2000.uk2, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  36. ↑ Ford, Richard (2005-07-13), Two communities that hardly ever mix, timesonline.co.uk, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article543356.ece, retrieved 2009-06-26 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 Bryn, Morgan (2001-06-07), General Election results, 7 June 2001, parliament.uk, p. 88, http://www.parliament.uk/commons/lib/research/rp2001/rp01-054.pdf, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  38. ↑ Oldham Council 2003 Election Results, oldham.gov.uk, http://www.oldham.gov.uk/local-elections-2003, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  39. ↑ Ward, David (2004-06-11), BNP fails to live up to boast in Burnley, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2004/jun/11/localgovernment.politics, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 UK general election 2005, Results for Keighley, electoralcommission.org.uk, http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/elections/results/general_elections/uk-general-election-2006/keighley, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  41. ↑ European Parliamentary election 2004, Results for North West, electoralcommission.org.uk, http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/elections/results/european/european-parliamentary-election-2004/north-west, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  42. ↑ BNP leader to stand for Assembly, walesonline.co.uk, 2007-02-28, http://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/tm_headline=bnp-leader-to-stand-for-assembly&method=full&objectid=18689110&siteid=50082-name_page.html, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 National Assembly For Wales Election 2007, Results for South Wales West, electoralcommission.org.uk, http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/elections/results/devolved_legislatures/national-assembly-for-wales-election-2007/south-wales-west, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  44. ↑ Mixed poll results so far for BNP, news.bbc.co.uk, 2007-05-04, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6622285.stm, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  45. ↑ Cobain, Ian; Addley, Esther; Siddique, Haroon (2008-11-19), BNP membership list posted online by former 'hardliner', guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2008/nov/19/bnp-list, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  46. ↑ European Election 2009: UK Results, news.bbc.co.uk, 2009-06-08, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/elections/euro/09/html/ukregion_999999.stm, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  47. ↑ Jenkins, Russell (2009-06-10), BNP’s Nick Griffin finally gets to make a speech, timesonline.co.uk, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article6474863.ece, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  48. ↑ Hamilton, Fiona (2009-05-21), BNP leader Nick Griffin to attend Queen's garden party, timesonline.co.uk, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article6327198.ece, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  49. ↑ Hines, Nico; Hamilton, Fiona (2009-05-27), BNP leader Nick Griffin pulls out of Queen's garden party, timesonline.co.uk, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article6373052.ece, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  50. ↑ BNP leader Nick Griffin to attend Royal garden party, bbc.co.uk, 2010-07-22, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-10723764, retrieved 2010-07-22 
  51. ↑ BNP leader Nick Griffin banned by Buckingham Palace, bbc.co.uk, 22 July 2010, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-10723764, retrieved 22 July 2010 
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Coates, Sam (2009-09-28), Nick Griffin appeals for donations as BNP 'fights for its existence', timesonline.co.uk, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article6851702.ece, retrieved 2009-09-29 
  53. ↑ Carter, Helen (2009-11-04), Asian man cleared of racially abusing Nick Griffin, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/nov/04/nick-griffin-racial-abuse-trial, retrieved 2009-11-04 
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 Election 2010 results, news.bbc.co.uk, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/election2010/results/constituency/a11.stm, retrieved 2010-05-07 
  55. ↑ BNP leader hopes to stand down, bnp.org.uk, 2010-05-23, http://www.bnp.org.uk/?q=news/bnp-conference-plans-way-forward-nick-griffin-announces-intention-step-down-2013, retrieved 2010-05-24 
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 British National Party, lancashiretelegraph.co.uk, http://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/4426099.BNP_leader_homes_in_on_new_headquarters_in_East_Lancashire/?action=complain&cid=7756002, retrieved 2009-06-26 
  57. ↑ Pierce, Andrew (2009-05-21), BNP leader Nick Griffin may be blocked from Queen's garden party, telegraph.co.uk, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/5362870/BNP-leader-Nick-Griffin-may-be-blocked-from-Queens-garden-party.html, retrieved 2009-06-24 
  58. ↑ Stephen Roth Institute: Antisemitism and Racism: United Kingdown 1998–9, tau.ac.il, http://www.tau.ac.il/Anti-Semitism/asw98-9/uk.htm, retrieved 2009-06-26 
  59. ↑ Brinks, Timms & Rock 2006, p. 94
  60. ↑ Ware & Back 2002, p. 55
  61. ↑ Atkins 2004, p. 112
  62. ↑ The Cook Report — Truth behind the front, ftvdb.bfi.org.uk, http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/669388, retrieved 2009-06-24 
  63. ↑ Morris, Nigel; Russell, Ben; Mitchell, Ben (2003-04-26), BNP goes on attack with record number of candidates, independent.co.uk, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/bnp-goes-on-attack-with-record-number-of-candidates-595749.html, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 64.2 64.3 Morris, Steven; Wainwright, Martin (2004-12-15), BNP leader held by police over racist remarks, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2004/dec/15/race.thefarright, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  65. ↑ Going undercover in the BNP, news.bbc.co.uk, 2004-07-15, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/3896213.stm, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  66. ↑ BNP leader charged with race hate, news.bbc.co.uk, 2005-04-06, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/bradford/4416523.stm, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  67. ↑ BNP leader 'warned of multiracial hell hole', guardian.co.uk, 2006-01-17, http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2006/jan/17/thefarright.politics, retrieved 2009-06-18 
  68. ↑ Wainright, Martin (2006-01-19), BNP leader's slurs on Lawrence, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2006/jan/19/uk.race, retrieved 2009-06-18 
  69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 Wainwright, Martin (2006-02-03), Retrial ordered after Griffin walks free, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2006/feb/03/uk.race, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 BNP Pair Cleared Of Race Hate Charges, news.sky.com, 2006-11-10, http://news.sky.com/skynews/Home/BNP-Pair-Cleared-Of-Race-Hate-Charges/Article/200611213551612?lid=ARTICLE_13551612_BNP%20Pair%20Cleared%20Of%20Race%20Hate%20Charges&lpos=searchresults, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  71. ↑ 'Public interest' issues of BNP, news.bbc.co.uk, 2006-01-31, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/west_yorkshire/4666292.stm, retrieved 2009-06-25 
  72. ↑ BNP leader cleared of race hate, news.bbc.co.uk, 2006-11-10, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/bradford/6135060.stm, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  73. ↑ Curtis, Polly (2002-11-28), Cambridge courts controversy with union invites, http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2002/nov/28/highereducation.uk1, retrieved 2009-06-24 
  74. ↑ Liddle defends the right to broadcast extremist views, pressgazette.co.uk, 2002-10-18, http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/story.asp?storyCode=21726&sectioncode=1, retrieved 2009-06-24 
  75. ↑ Last minute cancellation, guardian.co.uk, 2002-12-04, http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2002/dec/04/highereducation.uk4, retrieved 2009-06-24 
  76. ↑ 76.0 76.1 76.2 Staff and agencies, ed. (2005-02-03), Student debate with BNP leader 'a disgrace', guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/feb/03/race.students, retrieved 2009-06-26 
  77. ↑ Curtis, Polly (2005-02-05), College tells students to reverse Israeli ban, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/feb/05/highereducation.internationaleducationnews, retrieved 2009-06-26 
  78. ↑ Taylor, Matthew (2007-05-11), University bars BNP leader from campus after protest fears, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/may/11/students.thefarright/, retrieved 2009-02-27 
  79. ↑ Union debate row speakers arrive, news.bbc.co.uk, 2006-11-26, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/oxfordshire/7112480.stm, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  80. ↑ Rally over Oxford Union speakers, news.bbc.co.uk, 2007-11-21, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/oxfordshire/7103350.stm, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  81. ↑ Angry scenes greet Oxford debate, news.bbc.co.uk, 2007-11-27, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/oxfordshire/7114343.stm, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  82. ↑ Guentzel, Lindsay (2007-10-29), British politician's talk creates uproar, mndaily.com, http://www.mndaily.com/2007/10/29/british-politicians-talk-creates-uproar, retrieved 2009-06-25 
  83. ↑ Cordon, Gavin (2009-10-22), Griffin: 'I am not a Nazi', independent.co.uk, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/griffin-i-am-not-a-nazi-1807557.html, retrieved 2009-10-22 
  84. ↑ Griffin Attacks Islam on BBC Show, news.bbc.co.uk, 2009-10-23, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/8321683.stm, retrieved 2009-10-23 
  85. ↑ Griffin slot sparks angry scenes, news.bbc.co.uk, 2009-10-23, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8321470.stm, retrieved 2009-10-23 
  86. ↑ Questionable Television: British National Party, The Guardian hosted at guardian.co.uk, 2009-10-23, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/oct/23/bnp-nick-griffin-question-time, retrieved 2009-10-25 
  87. ↑ Hastings, Max (2009-10-23), Nick Griffin: Repugnant, slippery and exposed as an empty vessel, dailymail.co.uk, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-1222355/Nick-Griffin-Repugnant-slippery-exposed-vessel.html, retrieved 2009-10-25 
  88. ↑ Lorraine, Veronica (2009-10-23), Sun panel gives its verdict on BNP leader, thesun.co.uk, http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/2696144/Sun-readers-verdicts-on-BNP-leader-Nick-Griffins-appearance-on-BBCs-Question-Time.html#ixzz0Ujnz0TXU, retrieved 2009-10-25 
  89. ↑ 89.0 89.1 Marrin, Minette (2009-10-25), The BBC lynch mob proved BNP leader Nick Griffin’s best recruiter, The Sunday Times hosted at timesonline.co.uk, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/minette_marrin/article6888961.ece, retrieved 2009-10-28 
  90. ↑ Glover, Stephen (2009-10-26), Stephen Glover: The sound and fury of the mob can never be a substitute for measured and reasoned debate, independent.co.uk, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/opinion/stephen-glover/stephen-glover-the-sound-and-fury-of-the-mob-can-never-be-a-substitute-for-measured-and-reasoned-debate-1809335.html, retrieved 2009-10-28 
  91. ↑ Purves, Libby (2009-10-23), Nick Griffin on Question Time - the verdict from Times writers, The Times hosted at timesonline.co.uk, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article6886636.ece, retrieved 2009-10-25 
  92. ↑ 92.0 92.1 Mulholland, Hélène (2009-10-23), Griffin: Unfair that Question Time was filmed in 'ethnically cleansed' London, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/oct/23/bnp-nick-griffin-question-time, retrieved 2009-10-28 
  93. ↑ Griffin complaint over BBC 'mob', news.bbc.co.uk, 2009-10-23, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/8322322.stm, retrieved 2009-10-23 
  94. ↑ Wheen, Francis (1999-10-13), The right revs up, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/1999/oct/13/race.world, retrieved 2009-09-29 
  95. ↑ (PDF) Constitution of the British National Party, section 3, Party leadership (8 ed.), bnp.org.uk, November 2004, p. 5, http://web.archive.org/web/20070629010001/http://www.bnp.org.uk/resources/constitution_8ed.pdf, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  96. ↑ 96.0 96.1 96.2 British National Party Policies, bnp.org.uk, 2007, archived from the original on March 13, 2008, http://web.archive.org/web/20080313074056/http://bnp.org.uk/policies/, retrieved 2009-10-04 
  97. ↑ Newman, Cathy (2009-07-29), BNP's Griffin: Islam is a cancer, channel4.com, http://www.channel4.com/news/articles/politics/domestic_politics/bnp+sparks+controversy+in+europe/3257872, retrieved 2009-09-29 
  98. ↑ Waugh, Paul (2009-04-14), BNP City Hall official meets neo-fascists at Euro summit, thisislondon.co.uk, http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23675532-details/BNP+City+Hall+official+meets+neo-fascists+at+Euro+summit/article.do, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  99. ↑ Hamilton, Fiona (2009-08-16), Convicted Italian fascist Roberto Fiore addresses BNP followers in Derbyshire, timesonline.co.uk, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article6798146.ece, retrieved 2009-08-23 
  100. ↑ Traynor, Ian (2009-07-15), Nick Griffin alleges rights violations against UK 'nationalist dissidents', guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/jul/15/nick-griffin-european-parliament-speech, retrieved 2009-09-29 
  101. ↑ 101.0 101.1 Griffin, Nick (2009-06-10), BNP Press Conference Part 1, Public house, Manchester: BNP, hosted at youtube.com, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyT64A-GOdg 
  102. ↑ 102.0 102.1 Griffin, Nick (2009-06-10), BNP Press Conference Part 2, Public house, Manchester: BNP, hosted at youtube.com, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NnSZMwvOvQE 
  103. ↑ BNP: Under the skin, news.bbc.co.uk, http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/programmes/2001/bnp_special/the_leader/beliefs.stm, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  104. ↑ Cohen, Nick (2001-07-01), Fist in the kid glove, observer.guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2001/jul/01/immigration.race, retrieved 2009-06-19 
  105. ↑ Walker, Christopher (2004-05-11), I'm no 'fig leaf' insists BNP's first Jewish candidate, timesonline.co.uk, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article420930.ece, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  106. ↑ Storer, Jackie (2005-09-28), Learning lessons from history, news.bbc.co.uk, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4285684.stm, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  107. ↑ 107.0 107.1 Countering the Smears, bnp.org.uk, 2007-12-03, http://www.bnp.org.uk/2007/12/countering-the-smears/, retrieved 2009-02-27 
  108. ↑ Chandler, Neil (2009-10-25), Oh, its our fault is it, Mr Griffin?, dailystar.co.uk, http://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/view/105162/Oh-it-s-our-fault-is-it-mr-griffin-We-cop-the-blame/, retrieved 2009-12-14 
  109. ↑ Putting down a marker, simondarby.blogspot.com, 2009-09-25, http://simondarby.blogspot.com/2009/09/putting-down-marker.html, retrieved 2009-12-14 
  110. ↑ Eatwell & Mudde 2004, p. 71
  111. ↑ August 2009/griffin-uk-national-party.html UK needs nationalist answer to globalism – Nick Griffin, russiatoday.ru, 2008-08-19, http://www.russiatoday.ru/Politics/19 August 2009/griffin-uk-national-party.html, retrieved 2008-08-25 
  112. ↑ Eatwell & Mudde 2004, p. 77
  113. ↑ BBC in race row after BNP leader blames Muslims for Britain's drug problems, thisislondon.co.uk, 2008-03-07, http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/news/article-23450274-details/BBC+in+race+row+after+leader+blames+Muslims+for+Britain%27s+drug+problems/article.do, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  114. ↑ 114.0 114.1 Jenkins, Russell; Hamilton, Fiona (2009-06-08), Nick Griffin hails BNP’s European wins as ‘first breach in the dam’, timesonline.co.uk, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article6459215.ece, retrieved 2009-06-24 
  115. ↑ 115.0 115.1 115.2 Nick Griffin interview - Channel 4 News, Channel 4 News, 2009-06-23, http://www.channel4.com/news/articles/politics/domestic_politics/griffin+aposit+is+not+about+colourapos/3227657 
  116. ↑ Owen, Paul (2009-08-03), Black Welshman aims to take the fight to the BNP, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/aug/03/vaughan-gething-labour, retrieved 2009-08-25 
  117. ↑ BNP: Commission takes action over potential breach of race discrimination law, equalityhumanrights.com, 2009-06-23, http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/media-centre/june-2009/bnp-commission-takes-action-over-potential-breach-of-race-discrimination-law/, retrieved 2009-08-25 
  118. ↑ Sink immigrants' boats - Griffin, news.bbc.co.uk, 2009-07-08, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/8141069.stm, retrieved 2009-07-10 
  119. ↑ Factbox: British National Party, telegraph.co.uk, 2006-01-10, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1399666/Factbox-British-National-Party.html, retrieved 2009-06-24 
  120. ↑ BNP applaud Western Isles Registrars, bnp.org.uk, http://web.archive.org/web/20071014195835/http://www.bnp.org.uk/reg_showarticle.php?contentID=506, retrieved 2009-06-24 
  121. ↑ Frequently Asked Questions, web.archive.org, http://web.archive.org/web/20020203190553/www.bnp.org.uk/faq.html, retrieved 2009-06-24 
  122. ↑ Stephen Roth Institute: Antisemitism and Racism, tau.ac.il, http://www.tau.ac.il/Anti-Semitism/asw97-8/united-kingdom.html, retrieved 2009-06-19 
  123. ↑ Shipman, Tim (2009-05-29), Family of Winston Churchill slams BNP over far–right party's attempt to hijack wartime leader's legacy, The Daily Mail, http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1187368/Family-Winston-Churchill-slams-BNP-far-right-partys-attempt-hijack-wartime-leaders-legacy.html, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  124. ↑ An open letter to Nick Griffin, Chairman of the BNP and MEP for North West England, britishlegion.org.uk, 2009-06-06, http://www.britishlegion.org.uk/about-us/media-centre/news/general/an-open-letter-to-nick-griffin-chairman-of-the-bnp-and-mep-for-north-west-england, retrieved 2009-06-16 
  125. ↑ Hickman, Leo (2009-06-09), 'Global warming is hoax': the world according to Nick Griffin, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/blog/2009/jun/09/climate-change-oil, retrieved 2009-06-17 
  126. ↑ Gray, Louise (2009-12-15), Copenhagen climate conference: Nick Griffin calls world leaders mass murderers, telegraph.co.uk, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/copenhagen-climate-change-confe/6816696/Copenhagen-climate-conference-Nick-Griffin-calls-world-leaders-mass-murderers.html, retrieved 2009-12-15 
  127. ↑ Disgraced Tory Reveals History as a Councillor, lgcplus.com, 2001-08-30, http://www.lgcplus.com/news/disgraced-tory-reveals-history-as-a-councillor/1320939.article, retrieved 2010-03-10 
  128. ↑ 1999 Election candidates, europarl.org.uk, http://www.europarl.org.uk/section/1999/1999-election-candidates, retrieved 2010-02-10 
  129. ↑ Graham, Sarah (2009-06-08), Nick Griffin: profile of BNP leader, telegraph.co.uk, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/eu/5474620/Nick-Griffin-profile-of-BNP-leader.html, retrieved 2009-06-26 
  130. ↑ Hill, Amelia (2004-05-16), Jennifer's journey to the front of the BNP, guardian.co.uk, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2004/may/16/uk.race, retrieved 2009-06-25 
  131. ↑ European Election: North West Result, news.bbc.co.uk, 2004-06-14, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/vote2004/euro_uk/html/34.stm, retrieved 2010-03-27 
  132. ↑ European Election 2009: North West, news.bbc.co.uk, 2009-06-08, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/elections/euro/09/html/ukregion_34.stm, retrieved 2010-03-10 
Bibliography

Further reading

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Party political offices
Preceded by
John Tyndall		 Chairman of the British National Party
1999–present		 Incumbent
British National Party
Leadership
Leaders
John Tyndall (1982—1986) · Richard Edmonds (1986) · John Tyndall (1986—1999) · Nick Griffin (1999—present)
Deputy Leaders
Richard Edmonds (1980s—1999) · Sharron Edwards (1999—2000) · Tony Lecomber (2000—2002) · Scott McClean (2002—2007) · Simon Darby (2007—2010)
Elected politicians
Nick Griffin MEP  · Andrew Brons MEP
History
National Front · British National Party election results · Question Time appearence
See also
Young BNP · Student BNP · Christian Council of Britain · American Friends of the British National Party
Far right in the United Kingdom
Pre-1945 political parties
and groups
British Brothers League · British Fascists · British People's Party · British Union of Fascists · The Britons · Britons Publishing Society · English National Association · Imperial Fascist League · The Link · National Fascisti · National Socialist League · Nordic League
Defunct post-1945 political
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British Democratic Party · British Empire Party · British Movement · British National Party · Column 88 · Constitutional Movement · Flag Group · Freedom Party · Greater Britain Movement · League of Empire Loyalists · National Democratic Party · National Fellowship · National Independence Party · National Labour Party · National Party · National Socialist Action Party · National Socialist Movement · New Britain Party · New Nationalist Party · Northern League · Official National Front · One Nation · Patriotic Party · Racial Preservation Society · Union Movement · White Defence League · White Nationalist Party
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Blood and Honour · British National Party · British People's Party · Casuals United · Combat 18 · England First Party · English Defence League  · International Third Position · League of Saint George · National Democrats · National Front · National Socialist Movement · Nationalist Alliance · November 9th Society · Racial Volunteer Force · Redwatch ·
Pre-1945 people
John Amery · A.F.X. Baron · Henry Hamilton Beamish · John Beckett · Hastings Russell, 12th Duke of Bedford · Noel Pemberton Billing · John Henry Clarke · Roy Courlander · Barry Domvile · William Evans-Gordon · Robert Forgan · Neil Francis Hawkins · J.F.C. Fuller · William Joyce · Arnold Leese · Rotha Lintorn-Orman · Diana Mitford · Unity Mitford · Lady Cynthia Mosley · Sir Oswald Mosley · Alexander Raven Thomson · Nesta H. Webster · Henry Williamson
Post-1945 people
Ian Anderson · Richard Barnbrook · Derek Beackon · John Bean · Jane, Lady Birdwood · Eddy Butler · Jonathan Bowden · Andrew Brons · A.K. Chesterton · Mark Collett · David Copeland · Mark Cotterill · Nicky Crane · Sharon Ebanks · Richard Edmonds · Andrew Fountaine · Nick Griffin · Jeffrey Hamm · Anthony Hancock · Ray Hill · Derek Holland · Tom Holmes · Colin Jordan · Arthur Kemp · John Kingsley Read · Richard Lawson · Tony Lecomber · Michael McLaughlin · Eddy Morrison · John Morse · Abdul-Aziz ibn Myatt · John O'Brien · Denis Pirie · Kevin Quinn · Anthony Reed Herbert · Robert Relf · Charlie Sargent · Simon Sheppard · Ian Stuart Donaldson · Keith Thompson · John Tyndall · Richard Verrall · Martin Webster · Robert West · Martin Wingfield · John Graeme Wood
Related articles
Anglo-German Fellowship · Battle of Cable Street · National Democrats election results · British National Front election results · British National Party election results · Europe a Nation · List of British fascist parties · Political Soldier · Spearhead · Candour
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